Mark your answers and return this answer sheet to Steve Rajtar, 1614 Bimini Dr., Orlando, FL 32806 along with $4.00 for each patch ordered. Be sure to fill in the important information at the bottom.

1.  _______________________  2. __________  3. __________  4. ____________
5.  ________________________________ and _________________________________
6.  _______________________ and __________________________________________
7.  _____________ and ______________ and ______________ and ______________
8.  _____________________________  9. ________________________ and _______ 
10. _______ and __________________________________________________________
11. ___________________  12. _______________________  13. ________________
14. ________________________________ and _________________________________
15. ____________________________  16. ______  17. ____________________ and
___________________________________  18. _________  19. __________________
20. _____________________________  21. ___________________________________
22. ________________________   23. _____ and _____________________________
24. ________________________   25. _______________________________________
26. ________________________   27. ______   28. __________________________
29. ________________________________   30. _______________________________
31. _________  32. _________  33. _________________________   34. ________
35. _________________________  36. _________  37. _________  38. _________
39. ___________________________ and _______________________  40. _________
41. _____________________ and ____________________________________________
42. _________ and ________________________  43. __________________________
44. _________  45. _______________________________________________________
46. _______ and ___________________  47. _____________________ and _______
48. _______________________, _____________________ and ___________________
49. _________  50. _________  51. ________________________________________
52. _____ and _________________________  53. ______  54. _________________
55. _____________  56. ________________  57. ___________  58. ____________
59. ______________________________________________________________________
60. _____________________  61. _________


Date Hike Completed:_________________   Unit type and number:_____________
Number of hikers:  youth __________    adult __________
Address to which patches are to be mailed: _______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
E-mail address: __________________________________________________________

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Instructions:

1....Print this file.

2....At its end, click on "rules" to see a copy of the trail rules, print it, and then click where indicated at the end of the 3-page rules and patch order form to get back to the list of Florida trails.

3....Be sure to answer the questions contained in the hike plan - a completed answer sheet is required from each person purchasing a trail patch.

4....Hike the trail and order whatever patches you like (optional).

WARNING - This trail may pass through one or more neighborhoods which, although full of history, may now be unsafe for individuals on foot, or which may make you feel unsafe there. Hikers have been approached by individuals who have asked for handouts or who have inquired (not always in a friendly manner) why the hikers are in their neighborhood. Drugs and other inappropriate items have been found by hikers in some neighborhoods. It is suggested that you drive the hike routes first to see if you will feel comfortable walking them and, if you don't think it's a good place for you walk, you might want to consider (1) traveling with a large group, (2) doing the route on bicycles, or (3) choosing another hike route. The degree of comfort will vary with the individual and with the time and season of the hike, so you need to make the determination using your best judgment. If you hike the trail, you accept all risks involved.

The Historic Orlando Trail is intended to be a fun learning experience. It is set up to operate as a self-guided tour. It is recommended for youth groups and includes brief explanations of what can be seen along the route. Orlando is blanketed with other historical trails which provide many more details and explanations of what used to be there, for adults who are interested in a more in-depth look at Orlando's history.

As the hikers walk through downtown, they are required to locate various items of information found on building markers, monuments, cornerstones, etc.

Before you begin, please review the history of Orlando as shown below. It will cause the script explanations to make more sense to the hikers as they follow the trail.

The hike is about 5 miles long, plus any side trips you may take. Plan to take at least 4 hours if you are going to visit the interiors of several of the buildings. There are plenty of restaurants and pit stops along the way.

When hiking the trail, walk in groups of 10 or less. Most of the route is along public sidewalks full of pedestrians and you don't want to get in their way (and vice-versa).

The hike questions and materials are designed to acquaint the hikers with the locations of key buildings and to provide practice with a map (any downtown map will do), as well as to learn about the history and events of downtown Orlando.

At the end of the script is an answer sheet which is to be completed and mailed in for anyone who wishes to purchase a collectible embroidered patch. Proceeds are used to defray the cost of stocking the patches for this and other Central Florida historical trails.

While historians still are finding new evidence of mankind's early beginnings in Florida, until the mid-1800s the area around Orlando remained a virtual wilderness and primarily served as hunting and fishing grounds, with the early day Indian settlements hugging riverways and coastlines. The Orlando area was in the general range of the Timucuan and Ais tribes. The westward expansion of the new United States pushed what was to become the Seminole tribe into Florida, resulting in the final elimination of the early-day tribes begun by earlier tribal and colonial warfare, enslavement and European-brought disease.

By the 1800s, the Seminoles had been established as the dominant Indian force in Florida. With the end of the War of 1812, Florida became a territory of the United States in 1822. In 1823, the Seminoles were given 4 million acres encompassing the Orlando area in exchange for withdrawing from northern Florida. They soon found the land to be not what they expected, and bands of Indians began raiding the northern and coastal settlements. By 1830, Congress had decided that the Seminoles should be deported to Indian Territory (now known as Oklahoma), but the Seminoles refused to go and war broke out in 1835. Thus began the movement of soldiers chasing Indians, setting up small blockhouses and supply stations, and exploring as well as fighting. With the coming of peace came the homesteaders - some of whom while solidiering here had liked what they had seen - traders, and the beginning of modern history for Orlando.

During the Second Seminole War (1835-1842), Fort Gatlin was established just beyond the present city limits of Orlando. This fort, which was occupied by the military as a base of operations, became the focal point for activities in the area. Orange County was formed in 1845 out of what had been called Mosquito County. In 1850, Aaron Jernigan, a homesteader since 1944, the county's first state representative, established a post office known as "Jernigan" on the northeast side of Lake Holden. Both Fort Gatlin and Jernigan were centers of activity for the few hardy souls who settled in the wilderness of what would become the Orlando metropolitan area. During the 1850s, settlements grew up at Oakland, Christmas, Orlando's Grave, Lakeview (Winter Park area), and The Lodge (Apopka). In 1857, B.F. Caldwell deeded land around Orlando's Grave to the Orange County Commission for the establishment of a village to be called Orlando. After a spirited election, Orlando was named the county seat.

Orlando did not grow very rapidly during or immediatly after the Civil War. The town began to show the first signs of growth in the 1870s when developers and speculators, backed by Northern capital, began to encourage settlement in the central portion of the state. A few local landowners were also instrumental in attracting settlers to the community. These included Jernigan, Jacob Summerlin, William H. Holden and others. On October 5, 1875, the 85 residents - of which 22 were registered voters - voted to incorporate their little hamlet. By 1880, the population had grown to 200, with many of the residents destined to play prominent roles in the important events affecting the future of the city in the next 30 years.

Tourism and agriculture - first cattle, then citrus - dominated the economy of Orlando and Orange County during the late 19th Century. Orlando's economic prosperity, which had its ups and downs for the next 100 years, was bolstered tremendously by the coming of the South Florida Railroad in 1880. With the railroad came the establishment of Orlando as a shipping and distribution center and the promotion of the area's resources.

Orlando was a rather small but prosperous community in 1887. The changes which took place between 1882 and 1887 were very important to the city's character. A fire in 1884 destroyed many dilapidated wooden structures, primarily along Pine Street. Shortly thereafter, many brick buildings were erected, giving Orlando a look of permanence for the first time. Land speculation increased and wealthy tourists began to be attracted to the area. They purchased lots and erected winter residences. The earliest surviving buildings in Orlando date from this period.

The freezes of the late 1880s and 1890s resulted in the temporary replacement of citrus by seasonal truck crops as the predominant local products. The railroads which brought tourists to the city doubled as transport for shipping local produce to Northern areas which could not produce fresh vegetables in the winter. However, neither citrus nor truck farming produced prosperity for the local residents. The community therefore grew slowly until after the turn of the century.

Around 1910, Orlando began to expand rapidly as a result of real estate speculation, exploitation of lumber resources, industrial development and citrus production. Traces of this increased activity are still evident in many parts of Orlando. This was an era of modest commercial expansion in the downtown district which included the beginning of the construction of several multi-story buildings. Tourists and seasonal residents boosted the economy of the city.

While agriculture continued to play a major role in the Orlando area, the new land speculation mirrored a more intense effort to attract seasonal as well as permanent settlers. In Orlando, as well as in other parts of the state, this land speculation and increased dependence on tourism was the beginning of a movement which would last for 16 years and result in the feverish land developments of the middle 1902s known as the "Florida Land Boom". During this period, Orlando expanded at the expense of the productive agricultural lands in its immediate vicinity; many of the early groves were converted to new housing projects, while newer groves were planted further from the city.

Development through speculative subdivision of property has been the standard trend in Orlando's expansion from 1910 until the present. As a result, a series of confined, inward-directed subdivisions cluster around small groups of commercial enterprises. Early examples of such are Colonialtown, College Park, Edgewater and Edgewood. Historically, this somewhat random process has resulted in an irregular city plan.

A major growth period occurred in Orlando after World War II. Thousands of airmen and soldiers trained at the Orlando Air Base and Pinecastle Air Base, and repeating the pattern of the Second Seminole War of the 1800s, when the war was over many servicemen returned to the area to live. Like the rest of the nation's urban areas, the pent-up demand for housing during World War II exploded in a flurry of development. It was helped in the Orlando area by the coming of the Space Age and the development of aerospace industries, primarily the 1950s arrival of Martin Marietta, a major industrial, high-income employer.

When Walt Disney in 1968 announced that he would build his second theme park, Walt Disney World, just south of town, Orlando moved into high profile, rapid growth related to the tourist industry. It became in the 1970s-1990s one of the fastest growing urban areas in the United States and a world class player in the tourist industry. What began as an overnight camping spot for Indians today is the hub of a metropolitan area of more than 1.2 million people - and still growing.

While the trail stops at many of the historical sites in Orlando, the trail itself has been around long enough to have a history. It was established by a resolution of the Orlando City Council on September 8, 1980. It was developed by Corb Sarchet, Tom Price and Chalmers Yielding, with the patch being designed by Leslie Divoll. Mr. Sarchet served as its Trailmaster for nearly 25 years, coordinating trail materials and keeping the information up to date. Mr. Sarchet is a former president of the Central Florida Council, BSA, and the Downtown Orlando Partnership. Mr. Price is a former member of the Orlando Historic Preservation Commission. Mr. Yielding is a former president of OLD, Inc.

Initial funding to support the trail came from the Downtown Orlando Partnership, Orlando Landmarks Defense (OLD), Inc., the Downtown Development Board, and private donations.

The initial historical data set forth in the hike plan was obtained from publications of the City of Orlando and the Orange County Historical Society, Orlando - A Centennial History by Eve Bacon (1975-77), History of Orange County, Florida by Dr. William F. Blackman (1927),History of Orlando, Florida by E.H. Gore (1949 & 1951), and History of Development in Orange and Seminole Counties by the East Central Florida Regional Planning Council. The information has been updated several times, utilizing a variety of sources ranging from the Orlando Sentinel newspaper to internet website postings.

In late 2004, the administration of the trail was turned over to Steve Rajtar, to go along with the 150+ other trails he has in Central Florida. The hike plan was posted online to make it easier for more people to have access to it and experience the history of downtown Orlando.

THE BEST PLACE TO PARK is in the parking garage across the street from the Orlando Public Library (101 E. Central Blvd.). There is a nominal fee for parking there. There are several other lots and garages not far away, and on Sundays and holidays many of the metered on-street spaces are free.

Wherever you decide to park, walk to the intersection of Magnolia Ave. and Central Blvd. and cross to the northwest corner and go to the flagpoles located on Central Blvd.

The four pillars located on Central Blvd. formed the zero lot lines for mapping out the City of Orlando.

1. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE SQUARE WHERE THE FLAGPOLES ARE LOCATED?

The 1892 Orange County Courthouse, previously located on Central Blvd.'s square, became the county seat of Orange County government when the original 1875 courthouse, on the corner of Main and Church Sts., was turned into the Tremont Hotel. Since Florida's population continued to grow, Orange County built a new courthouse in 1927 adjacent to the original 1892 building. The 1892 courthouse was then used as offices and courts (and also housed the forerunner of the county's history museum) until 1957 when the building was town down and a modern annex was created. During the early 1990s, Orange County outgrew the 1927 courthouse and a more convenient courthouse was built at the corner of Magnolia Ave. and Livingston St. The 1927 courthouse was then renovated to create the Orange County Regional History Center, a state-of-the-art history museum.

CROSS TO THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE INTERSECTION OF CENTRAL AND MAGNOLIA

The Christ Building on this corner is essentially unchanged from when it was a three-story hospital erected in about 1909. It was built by Dr. Calvin D. Christ, a surgeon who was one of the leaders who founded Orange General Hospital, today known as the Orlando Regional Medical Center.

2. IN WHAT YEAR WAS ORANGE GENERAL HOSPITAL FOUNDED? ______________

CROSS TO THE NORTHEAST CORNER AND WALK EAST TO THE CANOPY OVER THE ENTRANCE TO THE GRAY BUILDING.

The rough gray concrete building you are passing is the Orlando Public Library. The heavy textured concrete exterior wall design was created by internationally famed architect John Johanson.

3. ACCORDING TO THE PLAQUE, WHEN WAS THE MOST RECENT EXPANSION COMPLETED? _______

During library hours, enter the building and walk up the stairs to the second floor. Near the top of the stairs is an "Orlando Remembered" exhibit showing what the area looked like before the construction of the present library.

4. WHEN DID THE ALBERTSON PUBLIC LIBRARY OPEN? ____________

FROM THE LIBRARY, WALK EASTWARD AND CROSS ROSALIND AVENUE. CONTINUE EAST PAST THE BUILDINGS AND TAKE THE FIRST SIDEWALK NORTH INTO LAKE EOLA PARK TO THE CAST IRON FOUNTAIN.

5. WHO WAS THE MAYOR WHO DONATED THE FOUNTAIN? ___________________
DURING WHICH WAR DID HE SERVE AS ORLANDO'S MAYOR? ___________________

WALK THE SIDEWALKS AROUND LAKE EOLA IN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE DIRECTION, INITIALLY HEADING EASTWARD.

Lake Eola, which in 1991 completed a $3.3 million renovation, was originally owned by private citizens. In 1854, there was a steam sawmill on the northeast side of the lake and a cattle ranch where the library is today. In the early years, Lake Eola was the favorite place to get a cool drink of water. Today, due to pollution from street runoff, the water is not drinkable. However, the water quality has been improved and supports abundant wildlife. Beginning in the 1880s, the lake boasted a bandshell on the east side, a swimming beach with a "shoot the chute" slide, a horse track, a bath house, and was the site for the first fairgrounds and exposition buildings. Jacob Summerlin gave the city Lake Eola and most of the land on the south and west side of the lake.

AS YOU PASS THE EAST END OF THE BRICK WALLS, TURN RIGHT ON THE SIDEWALK HEADING SOUTH AND LOOK FOR A MONUMENT BEFORE YOU GET TO CENTRAL BOULEVARD.

6. WHO WAS THE MAYOR OF ORLANDO IN 1889? ______________________
WHAT WAS HE FAMOUS FOR? ____________________________________________

HEAD BACK TO THE MAIN SIDEWALK AND CONTINUE EASTWARD ACROSS THE WOODEN WALKWAY.

This expansion of the park includes the lagoon with a pedestrian overpass walk, plus an international plaza/food court area which was completed in May, 1994.

WALK SOUTH TO THE COURT AREA AND LOCATE SEVERAL BRONZE BUSTS.

These sculptures honor patriots who led independence movements.

7. WHAT ARE THEIR LAST NAMES? _____________________ of Mexico, ___________________ of Cuba, _______________________ of the Philippines, ______________________ of India, and

8. ________________________, the founder of Bolivia. This was the first such monument placed here (in 1996).

CONTINUE EASTWARD AS THE SIDEWALK CURVES TO THE NORTH.

Look for a monument erected by the students of Cherokee Junior High School in 1939 to honor a young soldier who, as the legend goes, was killed while on guard duty at an encampment not far from here. In the early days, a sign on a tree said "Orlando's Grave", and the area took on his name.

9. WHAT WAS THE SOLDIER'S NAME? _______________________________ IN WHAT YEAR WAS HE KILLED? ____________________.

CONTINUE NORTH TO THE FLAGPOLE AREA AND LOOK EAST AT THE TALL SOLDIER MONUMENT.

This is the Confederate War Memorial, originally located in the intersection of what is now Magnolia Avenue and Central Boulevard. It was moved to this site in 1917 because the new-fangled automobiles kept running into it. It originally faced north to symbolize the direction in which the local men marched off to war.

10. THE MONUMENT WAS FIRST ERECTED IN WHAT YEAR? ________
BY WHOM? _________________________________________

Central Florida's contributions to the Civil War in the form of man and cattle, and no battles were fought here (although other parts of Florida did see some action). After the war, many veterans of both sides settled here and many Civil War veterans are buried in the local cemeteries.

WALK NORTHWARD ALONG THE LAKESIDE SIDEWALK ABOUT 200 FEET.

This monument was dedicated to honor the family which donated most of the land along the east and north sides of the lake, to complete the park.

11. WHAT IS THAT FAMILY'S NAME? __________________________

CONTINUE AROUND THE LAKE, NOTING THE "TING", THE GOLDFISH POND, AND LOOK FOR THE SWANS.

There are several sets of swans at the park, both black and white varieties. In the early days, swans were imported and placed at Lake Lucerne and Lake Eola. They have become a symbol of the park. The "Ting" is the pagoda-like structure.

12. WHO DONATED THE TING TO THE CITY? _________________________

CONTINUE AROUND THE LAKE TO THE WALT DISNEY AMPHITHEATRE.

This $900,000 outdoor theater was completed in 1989 and replaced a bandshell built here in 1962. It had replaced previous bandshells on the east side of the lake, built in 1918 and 1924. Bands began playing concerts in the park since the earliest days of the city. On the south side of the north walkway leading to the stage, there are two plaques.

13. WHO WAS THE FIRST BANDMASTER TO PLAY HERE? ______________________

Just south of the amphitheatre is a historical plaque.

14. WHAT IS THE CURRENT NAME OF THE FOUNTAIN? _____________________________ WHAT WAS ITS ORIGINAL NAME? ___________________________________________

WALK IN A SOUTHWEST DIRECTION TOWARD THE LITTLE POLICE STATION GAZEBO AND THE ORIENTAL GARDEN AREA PAST IT. CROSS THE BRIDGE AND READ THE PLAQUE ON THE MEMORIAL.

15. WHAT IS THE MEANING OF THE CHINESE LETTERS ON THE MEMORIAL STONE ACROSS THE GARDEN? ___________________________

WALK WEST TO WASHINGTON STREET. AS YOU CROSS ROSALIND AVENUE, LOOK TO THE SOUTH ON THE WEST SIDE OF ROSALIND AVENUE.

This is now the St. George Orthodox Church, but the building was built for the First Church of Christ, Scientist. This Neo-Classical style building borrows heavily from the basilicas of the Romans and was designed by nationally known architect George F. Durham in 1925. It is on the National Register of Historic Places.

16. ACCORDING TO THE CORNERSTONE, WHEN WAS THE CHURCH DEDICATED? __________

The building on the northwest corner of Rosalind Avenue and Washington Street was built in 1963 as the Robert Meyer Hotel, on the site of the old Memorial High School. The hotel was for many years known as the Harley Hotel, and now has been remodeled and converted to condominiums.

WALK WEST ON WASHINGTON STREET AND CROSS MAGNOLIA AVENUE TO THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF THE INTERSECTION.

The older portion of the courthouse seen to the south was built in 1927 as an addition to the 1892 brick courthouse (which was torn down in 1957). The courthouse building (now housing the Orange County Regional History Center) is built of stone in a Greek and Roman Revival style.

WALK NORTH PAST ST. LUKE'S EPISCOPAL CATHEDRAL AND THE U.S. POST OFFICE.

The post office was built in the popular Mediterranean style of the 1920s-1940s. Locate the engraved stone at the northeast corner of the building.

17. IN 1940, WHO WAS THE POSTMASTER GENERAL? ___________________________ WHO WAS THE PRESIDENT OF THE U.S.? _______________________________________ (hint, his initials were FDR)

WALK WEST ON ROBINSON STREET TO ORANGE AVENUE.

On the left, you are passing St. James Cathedral Catholic Church, also in the classic Mediterranean style. It sits on the site of the first Catholic church in Orlando, built in 1887. From the Orange Avenue side, enter the courtyard area and note a bell monument on the north.

18. OF WHAT MATERIAL WAS THE FIRST CHURCH ON THIS SITE BUILT? _______________

LOOK SOUTH ACROSS ORANGE AVENUE TO THE HIGHRISE BUILDING.

Built in 1960 as the Citizens National Bank, this was the first highrise office building in Orlando of the modern era.

WALK NORTH ON ORANGE AVENUE TO LIVINGSTON STREET.

You are passing on the left the former DuPont Centre project, a massive multi-block project, now home to a bank. Tentative plans called for an office building and hotel to be built in the future on the vacant land north of the building. At the northeast corner of the bank building, inside the courtyard, is a fanciful piece of public art.

19. THE DANCING FIGURE IS WHAT KIND OF ANIMAL? ______________________

CONTINUE NORTH ON ORANGE AVENUE AND CROSS LIVINGSTON STREET.

The massive complex to the northeast is the Orange County Courthouse which opened in the fall of 1997. It houses only the court system, as the county's administrative offices remain at the Administration Center at 201 S. Rosalind Avenue. The building and land cost $200 million, and it contains 965,000 square feet of usable space. It is the largest public building project in Orlando's history.

The two smaller buildings flanking the main tower are the offices for the State Attorney and the Public Defender. On weekdays, you may want to enter the lobby and ride the elevator to one of the courtrooms and observe a trial, if one is underway. Ask the security guards for information. (Note: To enter the courthouse, you must go through a security scan, which means no Scout knives or other prohibited objects can pass the test.)

WALK TO THE LIVINGSTON STREET ENTRANCE.

There is a plaque in the center of a Viet Nam and Lebanon War Memorial which honors a Marine Corps corporal who posthumously received the nation's highest military award.

20. WHAT IS HIS NAME? __________________________

21. WHAT AWARD DID HE RECEIVE? _____________________________________

The plaques contain the cititation of the combat action in which he was killed at age 18 near Da Nang, Viet Nam, in 1967. He grew up in Orlando and Union Park and attended Howard Junior High School and Colonial High School before joining the Marine Corps. He was the only person from Orlando, and one of only 18 from Florida to that point, to be so honored for his service. The memorial also lists others from Orange County who died in the wartime military service of the U.S.

WALK WEST ON LIVINGSTON ST. TO THE ORLANDO CENTROPLEX.

The Centroplex is the name given to this cluster of civic, entertainment, exhibit and service facilities.

This area is located on the site of Orlando's historic exposition and fairgrounds area. For many years, it was the site for the Central Florida Fair, with sports and fair activities being held here since the 1890s. Originally, it was a polo field, and in 1910, the city's first airplane flight took place here. The present cluster of buildings was built in stages, with the oldest dating to the 1920s.

GO TO THE BUILDING ON THE NORTH SIDE OF THE WEST END OF LIVINGSTON STREET.

This is the former National Guard Armory, named after the first man from Orlando to die in World War II (on April 1, 1941).

22. HIS NAME IS: _______________________________

23. THE BUILDING WAS BUILT IN THE YEAR _______ UNDER THE FEDERAL _______________________ PROGRAM.

The Armory later became the headquarters for an Army camp set up during World War II, and even later became a Navy Reserve Armory. Still later, it became the home for the Orlando City Community and Youth Services Department and the City Recreation Bureau. If it is open, enter the building and, depending on the day and hour, you can view the weight rooms and gym. The gym has also been used by the Orlando Magic as a practice court. Upstairs are the art and craft workshop areas.

WALK EASTWARD AND LOOK NORTHWARD. First, you are looking at the facilities of the Orlando Tennis Center and then at the Orlando Arena, home of the Orlando Magic basketball team. If an event is not taking place, you may be able to enter and view the concourse. The Orlando Arena cost $85 million, contains over 17,000 seats and opened in 1989. It was renamed as the TD Waterhouse Centre in 2000.

NOTE: Continue eastward on the north side of the street.

To the south are the exhibit and convention facilties of the Orlando Expo Center which were extensively redeveloped in 1982-83, and again in 1991, with the later modernizations upgrading and expanding the convention and ballroom facilities. It is home to a busy schedule of conventions, meetings and trade shows. Connected to the Expo Centre is the Marriott Hotel, a 265-room facility which opened in 1986, originally as the Omni Hotel.

CONTINUE EASTWARD ON THE NORTH SIDE OF LIVINGSTON STREET to the Bob Carr Municipal Auditorium. Built in 1926 under the Depression-era WPA program, for many years it was affectionately known as "Muny Aud". It was remodeled in 1975-77 and changed from a general purpose auditorium to a theater with the addition of a new glass front to expand the lobby area. (Note for Scouts - the architect for the project was Tom Price, who earned his Eagle rank in Ormond Beach and later served as Scoutmaster for Troop 48 in Orlando.) During the spring and summer of 1991, it was completely redecorated and enhanced for theater and musical productions. During 1994, further renovations were done to expand the stage and backstage area and upgrade the seating. It is now home to annual theater, dance, opera and musical series, and many community activities. To the north of Muny Aud is the Orlando Vo-Tech Adult Education Center, and the home of the Orange County School Board, the Orange County Public Schools Educational Leadership Center, containing 250,000 square feet of office and meeting space and home to 750 employees. It opened in 1990.

On the south side of the street in front of the Centroplex is a piece of outdoor sculpture, part of Orlando's Art in Public Places program.

24. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS SCULPTURE? _________________________________

CONTINUE EASTWARD TO HUGHEY AVENUE, TURN SOUTH, WALK TO ROBINSON STREET, CROSS TO THE SOUTH SIDE OF THE STREET AND WALK A SHORT DISTANCE WEST TO THE ENTRANCE OF THE ROSE-COLORED HIGH-RISE OFFICE BUILDING.

The State Regional Service Center office building is named for the famous Black author from Eatonville who gained world-wide fame during the "Roaring Twenties".

25. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE AUTHOR (AND THE BUILDING)? _______________________________________ (on weekdays, you might be able to enter the lobby and view her portrait)

This state office building houses a number of State of Florida offices, including the Florida Real Estate Commission and the State HRS. The master plan for the complex provided for an eventual total of four buildings. A second high-rise and a 1,200-car parking garage were constructed in 1990 at a cost of $21.7 million. Adjacent on the west is the Regional Crime Lab building. Note the skywalk connecting the office buildings to the parking structure.

CONTINUE SOUTH ON HUGHEY AVENUE ACROSS WASHINGTON STREET TO THE FRONT OF THE HIGH-RISE OFFICE BUILDING AT THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF THE INTERSECTION.

The Federal Office Building was dedicated by Rosalind Carter, at that time the nation's First Lady, in 1978. It is the home of the FBI, U.S. Marshal, Social Security Administration, and the U.S. District Court. In front of the building stands a stainless steel fountain sculpture, "Artifact".

26. WHAT IS THE NAME OF ITS ARTIST? ________________________________________

27. IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE BUILDING BUILT? __________

28. WHO WAS PRESIDENT OF THE U.S. WHEN IT WAS BUILT? _______________________ (During weekday hours, you may be able to view historic U.S. documents on display in the lobby).

In 1993, the Federal Office Building was named in honor of a long-time U.S. District Judge from Orlando.

29. WHO IS THE BUILDING NAMED AFTER? _______________________________________

WALK SOUTH ON HUGHEY AVENUE TO THE MUNICIPAL JUSTICE BUILDING BETWEEN CENTRAL BOULEVARD AND PINE STREET.

The Municipal Justice Building houses the city's Department of Public Safety and the Orlando Police Department, and is home to the Orlando Police Academy.

30. WHO WAS THE MAYOR OF ORLANDO WHEN THE BUILDING WAS CONSTRUCTED? ____________________________________ (Of particular interest to Scouts is that this Mayor received his Eagle rank in Orlando, and was the Central Florida Council's first recipient of the national Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.)

31. WHEN WAS THE MUNICIPAL JUSTICE BUILDING CONSTRUCTED? _____________________________

WALK SOUTH ON HUGHEY AVENUE TO CHURCH STREET, TURN EAST AND FOLLOW CHURCH STREET UNDER INTERSTATE 4 AND CROSS TO THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF THE INTERSECTION WITH GARLAND AVENUE.

As you cross under the interstate highway, you are passing by the site of the Downtown Farmers Market which is open on Saturdays, recalling the agricultural and trade heritage of the downtown and Orlando areas.

You have now entered the Church Street Historic District which includes the buildings on both sides of the street to the railroad tracks, and the train station beyond. The brick buildings on Church Street were built after a major fire in 1884 which began on Pine Street and which consumed the old wooden buildings. Bob Snow began remodeling the buildings on Church Street in the early 1970s to create the Church Street Station entertainment center which opened in 1974 and was one of Central Florida's major attractions until it closed in 2001.

As you proceed eastward on Church Street, you pass:

NE corner of Garland & Church - Slemons Department Store site, later the Orlando Hotel, later Rosie O'Grady's Goodtime Emporium

SE corner of Garland & Church - Purcell Building site, later the Cheyenne Saloon and Opera House

N side - Leon Building, later Apple Annie's Courtyard (and entrance to the Church Street Exchange shopping complex which was behind it)

N side - Strand Hotel, later Lili Marlene's Aviator Pub and Restaurant

S side - Bumby Annex, later Bumby Emporium

N side - Teele Building, later Phineas Phogg's Balloon Works

32. IN WHAT YEAR WAS THE TEELE BUILDING CONSTRUCTED? __________

Along the eastern side of the building is a pedestrian walkway which was once part of Gertrude Avenue, a 100-foot-wide street running north and south through downtown, and which included the railroad tracks. It was named after Gertrude Sweet, the sister of the man who served a Orlando's mayor in 1882. She was considered to be the prettiest woman in Orange County.

33. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY? _________________________

CROSS THE STREET TO THE SOUTH.

This building which housed the Joseph Bumby Hardware Company for over 80 years is a locally designated historic building. During the operation of Church Street Station, it housed the Buffalo Trading Company.

34. IN WHAT YEAR WAS IT BUILT? ________

CROSS THE RAILROAD TRACKS TO THE EAST.

35. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE STEAM ENGINE PARKED ON THE TRACKS? ____________________

36. IN WHAT YEAR WAS IT BUILT? ______________

WALK EAST TO THE FIRST BUILDING.

This is Orlando's second train station, replacing a wooden one built in 1886 and torn down two years later. This one, made of brick, has been remodeled over the years, and the most recent time it was redone to resemble its original 19th Century appearance.

37. WHEN WAS IT BUILT? ___________

The station is on the National Register of Historic Places. The arrival of the South Florida Railroad, Orlando's first train, in 1880 signaled the birth of Orlando as a shipping center and the city's first big growth period. (Note: This station is featured on the Historic Trail patch.)

The brick streets here are typical of the original paved streets in Orlando, first laid in 1907, many of which today lie under a coat of asphalt.

WALK EASTWARD ON THE NORTH SIDE OF CHURCH STREET.

You are now walking where the city's first sidewalks were laid in 1883, along with ones on the west side of Orange Avenue. A number of the historic buildings along Church Street have been renovated. The Nicholson-Colyer Building is at 27-33 W. Church Street.

38. WHEN WAS IT BUILT? _________

CONTINUE EASTWARD TO THE CORNER.

The building on the northwest corner of Orange Avenue and Church Street is the old First National Bank and Trust Co.

39. IT IS NOW HOME TO WHAT? _________________________________________

and WHO DONATED THE BUILDING? ______________________________________

Next door to the north is the former Kress Building, which has been renovated. Note the fancy and colorful art deco details on the upper facade, typical of the 1920s Florida boom era when this building was first constructed.

CROSS CHURCH STREET BACK TO THE SOUTH AND CONTINUE SOUTH ON ORANGE AVENUE.

You are now passing the Sun Bank center, a $130 million office, retail and future hotel complex. The Sun Bank Tower, one the complex's buildings, when it was built was Orlando's tallest at 35 stores. It replaced the former 1st National Bank Building which was built on the site in 1959.

40. WHEN DID THE 1ST NATIONAL BANK OPEN IN ORLANDO? ___________

Across the street from it is the green glass Signature Building and Plaza, the site of many downtown activities, and the Citrus Center (formerly the CNA Building and then the Firstate Tower). On weekdays, you can enter the lobby of the Signature Building and view an exhibit of "Orlando Remembered" showing how the block looked before the highrise buildings were constructed.

AS YOU CONTINUE SOUTH ON ORANGE AVENEUE, NOTE THE PARK-LIKE LAWN JUST PAST THE SUN BANK TOWER, LEADING TO A SECOND BUILDING IN THE COMPLEX. AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF THIS GREEN AREA IS A REPLICA OF AN ANCIENT DEVICE FOR MEASURING TIME.

41. WHAT IS THIS DEVICE? __________________
WHO DOES IT HONOR? ________________________

CONTINUE SOUTH ON ORANGE AVENUE ACROSS SOUTH STREET AND WALK SOUTH TO THE CITY HALL.

Most of the city's major departments are located in this building. The ninth floor is home to several foreign trade offices or consulates, an indication of Orlando's growing influence in international trade. The mayor's office and city council chambers are located on the second floor. The first floor contains an information desk and materials about Orlando. The building is 265,000 square feet in size and nine stories tall. It cost $32 million to construct.

42. WHEN DID THE PRESENT CITY HALL OPEN? ___________
WHO WAS THE MAYOR AT THE TIME? ____________________________

(Note: If the City Hall's lobby is open, ask the guard for directions to the "Orlando Remembered" exhibit and see how the block looked in earlier years.)

The former City Hall built in 1954 was imploded and demolished on October 24, 1991, and is featured in the opening scenes of the motion picture "Lethal Weapon III". A park/plaza, called "City Commons" has been built over the site as part of a total 75-acre tract, all part of a massive project called the Southern Gateway.

Take a moment to relax and rock in the chairs and enjoy the two pieces of public art. On the northeast corner of the lot is the much talked-about "Tower of Light", dubbed by some as the "Giant Asparagus" due to its resemblance to the vegetable.

43. THIS TOWER RECOGNIZES THE CITY'S STATUS AS THE FIRST ___________________________ IN HONORING THE SPIRIT OF VOLUNTEERISM IN ORLANDO.

To the south is the water fountain sculpture which every 20 minutes cycles through various natural water activities: a spring-type boil bubbling from below, a gentle shower, and a thunderstorm. See if you can identify them as the fountain puts on its show.

Orlando was incorporated as a city in 1875, and William Jackson Brack served as its first mayor.

FROM CITY HALL, WALK SOUTH ON ORANGE AVENUE PAST ANDERSON STREET.

44. WHAT IS THE FIRST BUILDING ON YOUR RIGHT AFTER YOU CROSS ANDERSON STREET? ___________________________

During weekdays, you may be able to enter the lobby from Orange Avenue and view a display of early electrical devices. A new chiller building was constructed in early 1999 just south of the main building to provide air conditioning and heating for the main building, City Hall and the CNL Building. (Note: Scouts working on energy conservation requirements may want to pick up some of the information booklets available on both water and energy.)

CONTINUE A LITTLE SOUTH ON ORANGE AVENUE AND CROSS TO THE TRAFFIC ISLAND NORTH OF THE LAKE.

45. WHICH MAYOR OF ORLANDO IS NAMED ON THE MONUMENT ON THE TRAFFIC ISLAND? ____________________________

Originally, Lake Lucerne was a single lake, but the construction of the causeway to give Orlando a direct route south from downtown divided it into two parts.

CONTINUE CROSSING ORANGE AVENUE AND CONTINUE EAST, FOLLOWING THE SIDEWALK ALONG THE NORTH SIDE OF THE EAST-WEST EXPRESSWAY.

As you continue eastward, note the monument across the cul-de-sac near the one-story building under the expressway.

46. THE EAST-WEST EXPRESSWAY WAS OPENED TO TRAFFIC IN WHAT YEAR? ________
IT WAS NAMED AFTER WHAT INDIVIDUAL? ______________________

In 1992, a new roadway plan was created which switched northbound traffic from Magnolia Avenue to Rosalind Avenue, and created the cul-de-sac here at the south end of Magnolia Avenue.

CONTINUE EAST ON THE SIDEWALK TO THE WOODEN HOUSE.

There are several historic homes in this area. One is this wood frame structure at 125 E. Lucerne Circle. It is the oldest house in Orlando which had been continually occupied by the same family since it was built. It was originally located on nearby Magnolia Avenue, but it was purchased by the Junior League of Orlando and was moved to near its present site and restored. It was moved one more time during roadway construction.

47. WHAT IS THE HOUSE CALLED? ___________________________
WHEN WAS IT BUILT? ______________

The three-story Victorian style house across Rosalind Avenue is the Dr. Phillips House. It was originally built in 1893, and in 1974 was donated to the city for historic preservation. It was sold to a trust headed by Sam Meiner, which restored the house to its historic character and glory. Originally built for Colonel Peleg Peckam, a leading benefactor of old Winter Park, he gave it as a wedding gift to his daughter. Its architectural style is called "shingle" and it was modified in 1912 after it was acquired Dr. P. Phillips, when the original porch was replaced with a more massive one supported by columns.

Dr. Phillips was a leading citrus grower and in 1928 built the world's largest citrus fruit packing house in Orange County, near present-day Bay Hill. At the time, he was the owner of the state's largest citrus groves. Today, the Dr. Phillips Foundation is one of the area's major benefactors, bestowing gifts on many worthy causes.

WALK NORTH TO ANDERSON STREET, AND THEN WEST TO THE INTERSECTION WITH MAGNOLIA AVENUE.

At the southeast corner of this intersection is a senior citizen highrise, Magnolia Towers. It was the first such facility built in Florida and provides low cost housing for the elderly. There are seven other senior citizen highrises in the downtown area.

CROSS TO THE NORTHEAST CORNER AND CONTINUE NORTH ON MAGNOLIA AVENUE TO THE FIRE STATION.

Orlando's first firehouse, established in 1895, was located on Oak Street (now known as Wall Street). The bell displayed here in front of Station 1 is from that first firehouse. The city's first steamer fire engine is on display at the Fire Department Museum in Loch Haven Park.

48. WHAT ARE THE NAMES OF THE FIREMAN KILLED IN THE LINE OF DUTY IN ORLANDO? ____________________, ____________________ AND ____________________

If the fire crews are not busy, ask them to tell you about the modern equipment housed here.

FROM THE FIRE STATION, WALK NORTH TO JACKSON STREET, TURN RIGHT AND WALK EAST TO ROSALIND AVENUE. CROSS ROSALIND AVENUE AND TURN NORTH (LEFT) AND WALK TO PINE STREET.

The building to the south of Jackson Street and east of Rosalind Avenue is a parking garage built as a partnership of the city, Orange County and First Presbyterian Church. The offices of the Orange County Tax Collector's auto tag office are on the bottom floor.

The several large churches located to the west between South and Pine Streets center on Church Street, and are the reason it was so named. Look eastward on Jackson Street at the highrise with the stained glass windows near the top. This is Lutheran Towers, a senior citizen housing facility, and on the top floor is located St. Paul's Lutheran Church - one of the few church churches in the world atop a highrise structure.

On the east side of Rosalind Avenue, between Pine and Jackson Streets, is the Orange County Administration Building. The Orange County Commission chambers are located on the first floor, while the Commissioners' offices are on the second. The building cost $12 million.

49. IN WHAT YEAR WAS IT BUILT? ________ (There is a plaque on the south wall inside the lobby, and a marker on the south side of the water area, south of the building.)

At the north entrance to the building, note the dramatic bronze sculpture, "The Leaper", part of the city's Art in Public Places program and donated by Harcourt, Brace and Jovanovich, the publishing firm.

CONTINUE NORTH ON ROSALIND AVENUE TO PINE STREET, THEN TURN WEST AND WALK TO MAGNOLIA AVENUE.

You are now entering the Pine Street Historic District. The street layout in the district derives from the courthouse square plan of the Original Town of Orlando, recorded in 1881. With the exception of Pine Street, widened by 10 feet in 1883, the streets are the same widths as designed in 1881 - one reason for traffic and parking problems in today's automobile world. The streets were sand until 1891 when Pine Street was the first paved street, hardened with clay so that the local fireman units could have a race.

All of the original wooden buildings on Pine Street were destroyed by a great fire in 1884. The city then passed its first building standards code and required brick or masonry structures. In the years that followed, two- and three-story brick buildings were erected on Pine Street, many of which remain. Pine street was the "main street" or commercial center of Orlando until the 1920s.

As you continue west on Pine Street, on your right is the Library Garage, providing parking for 600 cars. It opened in June, 1991, with retail stores on part of the ground floor. Notice the large mural on the east wall of the parking garage. The mural is completed - part of the design was to make it look like the north end was unfinished.

50. HOW MANY "CRITTERS" CAN YOU FIND IN THE MURAL? ___________ (A pair of eyes counts as a critter.)

Look at the northeast corner of Pine Street and Magnolia Avenue. The two-story building at 35-39 S. Magnolia Avenue was built in 1887 by settlers from England and was used as their clubhouse. It is one of the best preserved examples of pressed sheet metal construction in Florida, and the only example of it in downtown Orlando. The wooden building is still covered on its south and west sides with its original ornate pressed tin panels imported from England.

51. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE BUILDING? _____________________________

Look at the northwest corner. This is the Kuhl-Delaney Building, dating from 1886-87. It served as the post office of the 1890s. Renovated in the 1980s, it is now called the Phoenix Building. At 61-65 E. Pine Street is the Robinson Building, built by famed chemist Norman Robinson in 1884 and said to be the first "fireproof" building in Orlando, constructed of "veneered concrete".

WALK WESTWARD TO THE CORNER OF PINE AND COURT STREETS.

52. THE BUILDING ON THE CORNER AT 50-56 E. PINE STREET WAS BUILT IN WHAT YEAR? _______ FOR WHAT FIRM? ______________________

The present building was renovated in the early 1980s with a bank interior in the style of the 1920s, and in 1993 was redone as a French restaurant.

Look at the northwest corner at the two-story brick building. Built in 1888, it was the first YMCA location in Orlando. The cast iron window sills were made at the South Florida Foundry and Machine Works located to the west on Pine Street. The brick buildings on Pine Street between Court Street and Orange Avenue were built between 1885 and 1916 and during the boom years housed dry goods and grocery stores downstairs and lawyers and real estate firms upstairs.

On the south side of the street, look for a historic plaque marking the Knox-Bacon Building.

53. WHEN WAS IT BUILT?

54. WHAT WAS HOUSED UPSTAIRS? ________________

The city's first electric sign hung at the Hanson Building at 27 E. Pine Street. The building at 29 E. Pine Street, built between 1887 and 1892, was renovated as lawyers' offices to look today much like it did when it was built. It is typical of the fronts of buildings of that era, as are 17 and 25 E. Pine Street.

Note the six-sided sidewalk pavers. These are replicas of the pavers manufactured by Frederick and William Gore in the early 1900s, used extensively in the city's early sidewalks. The city embarked on a massive street improvement project called Streetscape in the mid-1980s, using the historic sidewalk pavers and brick streets as design elements. Pine Street, Orange Avenue, Central Boulevard, Rosaland Avenue and a section of Wall Street are part of this project.

CONTINUE WESTWARD TO THE CORNER OF ORANGE AVENUE AND PINE STREET.

The Phillips Theatre at 29 S. Orange Avenue at the northeast corner of the intersection in the 1980s was renovated into professional offices. In 1993, it was renovated to house a night club on the second floor and retail space beneath. The theatre was originally built in 1917.

CAREFULLY CROSS ORANGE AVENUE.

On the southwest corner is the Metcalf Building, orginally the home of Orlando Federal Savings and Loan, one of Orlando's first three "skyscrapers" built in the boom years of the early 1920s. Note the decorative cast metal panels uncovered in the restoration work. The two buildings to the south of it date from 1909 to 1912. The wrought iron balcony above the building at 118-120 S. Orange Avenue is the original 1912 ironwork, manufactured in Orlando.

WALK WESTWARD ON PINE STREET TO THE TWO-STORY BUILDING AT 16-18 WEST PINE STREET.

This building is on the National Register of Historic Places and has been restored to look the same as it did when built in 1925. A famous Orlando baseball player and member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame built this building, and it is named after him.

55. WHAT WAS HIS NAME? _____________________________

Read the plaque on the corner of the building about this Orlando hero. The city's minor league baseball facility near the Citrus Bowl is also named after him.

CONTINUE WESTWARD TO THE RAILROAD TRACKS.

The yellow brick two-story building you pass is the University of Central Florida's downtown campus, formerly the Carey Hand Funeral Home. On the northwest corner of the railroad tracks and Pine Street is the building which for years was Vivaldi's Restaurant. In early Orlando, the building was part of the South Florida Foundry and Machine Works. It was one of Orlando's first industries and was the largest and most complete machine shop south of Atlanta, making everything from window weights to locomotive wheels.

On the north side of Pine Street along the railroad tracks was the Lynx system's central bus station, built in 1985. Note its unusual and award-winning open steel beam construction. The colorful painted Lynx buses promote many of the area's attractions and programs, and are popular photo subjects for tourists. The bus station was replaced by a new facility in 2004 at 445 N. Garland Avenue.

WALK NORTHWARD ALONG GERTRUDE'S WALK TO CENTRAL BOULEVARD.

Look east on the south side of Central Boulevard to the four-story brick building. It was built in 1913 and was the first air-cooled hotel in Orlando. It was later renovated as a office building.

56. WHAT WAS THE NAME OF THE HOTEL? ____________________

CONTINUE NORTHWARD TO WASHINGTON STREET.

Look northward across the vacant lot at a three-story brick commercial building typical of warehouses built in Orlando at that time.

57. IN WHAT YEAR WAS IT BUILT? __________

TURN RIGHT AND WALK EAST TO ORANGE AVENUE. WALK SOUTH ON THE WEST SIDE OF ORANGE AVENUE TO THE THEATER.

This is the old Beacham Theatre, once Orlando's finest. It was built in 1921 and until 1936 hosted live performances. It then switched to movies, and is now used as a night club.

Across the street is the former Angebilt Hotel, now known as the Angebilt Building. The Angebilt was the showplace hotel of the 1920s boom years. If the lobby is open, enter and view the restored architecture of the building. In the days of live performances across the street at the Beacham Theatre, the performers had rooms in the Angebilt. To avoid crowds of fans gathered outside along Orange Avenue, they could get to their hotel rooms through a tunnel which ran under the street from a trap door to the side of the stage.

Next to the hotel is Wall Street Plaza, a pedestrian way and city park along the former Wall Street. In the earliest days of Orlando, it was called Oak Street because it was lined with large oak trees.

CONTINUE SOUTH TO THE CORNER OF CENTRAL BOULEVARD AND ORANGE AVENUE.

When the 1920s boom came, the center of Orlando shifted from Pine Street to this intersection. The 1884 San Juan Hotel stood on the northwest corner; the One North Orange Building on the northeast corner was one of the new 10-story "skyscrapers"; and the two major department stores stood on the south corners. The southeast corner, later a bank, was the old Ivey's Department Store, built in 1913 on the site of an old livery stable. Across the street was the Dickson-Ives Department Store built in 1920, replacing an earlier structure built in 1887. It later was remodeled as a law office.

WALK EAST ON CENTRAL BOULEVARD AND NORTH THROUGH HERITAGE SQUARE TOWARD THE ENTRANCE OF THE ORANGE COUNTY REGIONAL HISTORY CENTER.

58. ACCORDING TO THE PLAQUE OUTSIDE, WHEN WAS THE HISTORY CENTER FOUNDED?_________